Isn't this just the same as a virtual pre-paid credit card, which every bank offers nowadays? Except, perhaps this will allow Apple to take our money and use it to invest.

They can't invest your money. The bank has to ensure a liquid balance for each person. Apple has zero control over that.

Consumers also enjoy CFPB protection/regulation with this product.

Apple calls Green Dot APIs for servicing and the backing account(s) is at Green Dot Bank.