I'm seeing like 80% of software dev applications at my company are H1B/OPT, like thousands of candidates - and they're getting hired just because of the sheer numbers they drown everyone else out. So yes, they are 100% taking jobs. A lot of them. I can't comprehend how there are so many.
Probably a step in the right direction. But if you can hire someone abroad for 20% of the cost of an American worker, then instead of replacing one American with five workers, you replace them with four.
The range difference really depends on where you are too. Unless you're chopping wood, you still need competent people with the right skill set and ability to communicate. When controlling for that I find it's much closer unless you're in SV/Austin/NY.
The 100k fee on new applicants? drop in the ocean.
The h1b people spend (most) of their salary in the USA and pay US income taxes. Whereas overseas labor spend their salary over seas and pay no US taxes.
Http toolkit is one of the best software i have used. I have used mitmproxy, proxyman and charles proxy and httptoolkit is the best and is open source too.