yes, e.g. thunderbird's builtin junk filter seemed much better to me. Gmail's too.

I believe I saw somewhere that fastmail's spamfilter may have a 'feature' that whitelists mails from certain senders so that spam gets through if it was forwarded via my university account.

There even was an option to tell Fastmail about these forwarding accounts, but it didn't seem to work, maybe due to multi-hop forwards.