> by the time I will go into retirement, the whole system will be unviable financially and I might get nothing.
What do you mean when you say "financially unviable"? There have been similar concerns raised about the US retirement system, but AFAIK that only means less money coming in than promised going out. The income is predicted to stabilize at ~75% of expenses after the "Baby Boom" generation finishes retiring. At the worst, I'd expect a pension cut rather than a complete collapse to 0.
I don't know how the US retirement system works, but I think Germany is pretty unique in that the current working population is directly paying for the pensions of the retired population. There is no investment of those funds of any kind or something like that. The state is already taking up huge loans to finance this, as we don't have enough payers. We have about two payers to one pensioner at the moment, but when I will be 67 with the current population development it will be one payer to two pensioners. Even with more massive debt one payer will not be able to pay the pensions of two other people. It might just be a huge cut, but if it's not enough to live off of, large parts of the older generation might end up on the street. A large part of the younger generation is aware of this, but 23% of Germans are over 65 and the median age is 45 so older people generally have a lot of voting power and the issue is largely ignored. Very recently there were proposals to switch to a system in which the pension payments are invested into index funds, but it was decried as "gambling away our pensions" and the proposal was shot down.
The US retirement system (Social Security) is paid for the same way. The population pyramid for Germany does show a much larger hump of upcoming retirements compared to the US though. The ~30yo population cohort has grown in recent years though (through immigration), so maybe it won't be as bad as you expect.
Why do you think Index Funds would solve the upcoming issue?
What do you mean when you say "financially unviable"? There have been similar concerns raised about the US retirement system, but AFAIK that only means less money coming in than promised going out. The income is predicted to stabilize at ~75% of expenses after the "Baby Boom" generation finishes retiring. At the worst, I'd expect a pension cut rather than a complete collapse to 0.