> Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical truths. It examines how conclusions follow from premises based on the structure of arguments alone, independent of their topic and content. Informal logic is associated with informal fallacies, critical thinking, and argumentation theory. Informal logic examines arguments expressed in natural language whereas formal logic uses formal language.
Reason > Logical reasoning methods and argumentation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reason#Logical_reasoning_metho...
Critical Thinking > Logic and rationality > Deduction, abduction and induction ; Critical thinking and rationality: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_thinking#Deduction,_a...
Logic: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic :
> Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical truths. It examines how conclusions follow from premises based on the structure of arguments alone, independent of their topic and content. Informal logic is associated with informal fallacies, critical thinking, and argumentation theory. Informal logic examines arguments expressed in natural language whereas formal logic uses formal language.
Logical reasoning: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_reasoning
An argument can be Sound or Unsound; or Cogent or Uncogent.
Exercises I recall:
Underline or Highlight or Annotate the topic sentence / precis sentence (which can be the last sentence of an introductory paragraph),
Underline the conclusion,
Underline and label the premises; P1, P2, P3
Don't trust; Verify the logical form
Logic puzzles,"Pete, it's a fool that looks for logic in the chambers of the human heart.", money x3, posturing