It is definitely the responsibility of anyone suing someone who trained a model on copyrighted data to prove that it isn't fair use, they have to show how it violated law, and while it's in the best interest of those organizations to make things easier for the court by showing why it is fair use, they are technically innocent until proven guilty.
Accordingly, anyone on the internet who wants to make comments about how they should be able to prevent others from training models on their data needs to demonstrate competence with respect to copyright by explaining why it's not fair use, as currently it is undecided in law and not something we can just take for granted.
Otherwise, such commenters should probably just let the courts work this one out or campaign for a different set of protection laws, as copyright may not be sufficient for the kind of control they are asking over random developers or organizations who want to train a statistical model on public data.
You've got it backwards. It's on the defendant to prove that their use is fair. The plaintiff has to prove that they actually own the copyright, and that it covers the work they're claiming was infringed, and may try to refute any fair-use arguments the defense raises, but if the defense doesn't raise any then the use won't be found fair.
It's true that the process is copyright strike/lawsuit -> appeal, but like I said, it's in their best interests to just prove that it's fair use because otherwise the judge might not properly consider all facts, only hear one side of the story and thus make a bad judgement about whether or not it is fair use. If anything, I'm just being pedantic, but we do ultimately agree here I think.
Well, lawsuits have multiple stages. First the plaintiff files the suit, and serves notice to the defendant(s) that the suit has been filed. Then there's a period where both sides gather evidence (discovery), then there's a trial where they present their evidence & arguments to the court. Each side gets time to respond to the arguments made by the opposing party. Then a verdict is chosen, and any penalties are decided by the court. So there's not really any chance the judge only hears one side of the story.
That said, I think we do agree. The plaintiff should be prepared to refute a fair-use argument raised by the defendant. I'm just noting that the refutation doesn't need to be part of the initial filing, it gets presented at trial, after discovery, and only if the defendant presents a fair-use defense. So they don't have to prove it's not fair use to win in every case. I'm probably also being excessively pedantic!
> It is definitely the responsibility of anyone suing someone who trained a model on copyrighted data to prove that it isn't fair use, they have to show how it violated law, and while it's in the best interest of those organizations to make things easier for the court by showing why it is fair use, they are technically innocent until proven guilty.
No, fair use is an affirmative defense for conduct that would otherwise be infringing. The onus is on the defendant to show that their use was fair.
